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In Palamu district, the summer heat exacerbates people's difficulties every year. Palamu, ranked among the hottest districts in the state, experiences consistently high temperatures. Newborns are particularly vulnerable during such weather, as their delicate bodies are unable to withstand rapidly rising temperatures. Doctors warn that even the slightest negligence in caring for a newborn during the summer months can lead to serious health complications. Therefore, it is essential to keep certain key precautions in mind.

**Avoid Layering Clothing**

Pediatrician Dr. Sukriti notes that during the summer season in Palamu, cases frequently arise where newborns develop high fevers. Consequently, newborns should always be kept in a room maintained at a comfortable temperature. People often make the mistake—even during the summer—of wrapping infants in blankets or dressing them in multiple layers of clothing; however, doing so can be detrimental to their health.

During the summer, infants should be dressed exclusively in light, soft cotton garments. Endeavor to keep the baby's body covered, but ensure the clothing is not too heavy or thick. The room where the baby stays should be equipped with a fan, an air cooler, or adequate ventilation to ensure proper airflow.

She further explained that, paradoxically, a newborn's body temperature can sometimes drop suddenly even during the summer heat. In such instances, it is crucial to periodically check the baby's hands and feet. The feet should feel warm—or at least normal—to the touch and appear a healthy, light pink color. If the baby's body feels excessively cold or the infant appears lethargic, one should immediately consult a doctor. The soles of the baby's feet should not appear pale or white.

**Breastfeed Every Two Hours**

Mother's milk is considered the most vital and beneficial source of nutrition for a newborn. Nowadays, many mothers begin feeding their infants formula milk (canned milk) immediately after birth; however, medical professionals strongly advise against this practice. A mother's initial milk—known as colostrum—boosts the infant's immunity and protects against various types of infections. For the first six months of life, an infant should be fed exclusively on the mother's milk.

During the summer season, breastfeeding the infant every two hours helps prevent deficiencies in both hydration and nutrition within the baby's body. Subsequently, feeding should be done "on demand"—whenever the baby signals a need to feed. Often, women—particularly those in rural areas—assume that due to the intense heat, they should give water to their infants; however, this is unnecessary. Mother's milk alone provides everything the baby needs—hydration, nutrition, and more. Regardless of how hot it gets, infants should be given *only* mother's milk for the first six months.

**Introduce a Liquid Diet After Six Months**
He explained that "top feeding"—that is, supplementing with external milk or formula—can increase the risk of infections, gastrointestinal issues, and fever in infants. Conversely, after six months, one can gradually introduce a liquid-based and light, home-cooked diet. Older children should be provided with adequate water, yogurt, buttermilk, and liquid-rich foods. One should strictly avoid giving them overly spicy, oily, or outside food.

He emphasized that keeping children hydrated is of paramount importance during the summer months. Every year in Palamu, cases of children suffering from heatstroke and high fever are reported. In such circumstances, only proper precautions and diligent care can ensure the safety of both newborns and older children.

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