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Starlink has once again taken steps toward launching its satellite communication service in India. According to an ET report, the company has resubmitted an application to the space regulator. This time, it is seeking approval for its Gen 2 satellite constellation, which incorporates new technologies, including Direct-to-Device (D2D) connectivity. People familiar with the matter shared this information with ET.

A few years ago, the Indian space regulator—the Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre (IN-SPACe)—did not approve Starlink's earlier application for an internet network comprising approximately 30,000 satellites. The rejection was attributed to certain features and spectrum bands in the application failing to comply with established regulations.

**Seeking approval for the Gen 2 constellation**
A person familiar with the matter stated, on condition of anonymity, that the company recently sought approval again for its Gen 2 constellation. The plan is to deploy these satellites in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) at altitudes ranging from 340 to 615 kilometers.

Starlink, the world's largest LEO satellite operator, holds high expectations for India's satellite communication market. While the market is currently in its nascent stage in the country, it offers significant growth potential. Starlink, operated by SpaceX, had previously applied for approval for both Gen 1 and Gen 2 constellations to launch services in India.

**Approval granted only for the Gen 1 constellation**
However, in July 2025, IN-SPACe granted approval only for the Gen 1 constellation. This constellation consists of 4,408 LEO satellites intended to provide traditional broadband internet services. Direct-to-Device technology could be introduced soon. SpaceX and IN-SPACe did not respond to queries regarding this matter. Approvals for features like Direct-to-Device (D2D) connectivity and the allocation of additional spectrum bands for satellite communication are expected in India soon; this has prompted Starlink to re-apply for its Gen 2 constellation.

**Seeking approval for 30,000 satellites**
If Starlink secures this approval, it could gain a significant advantage over its rivals in India, such as Reliance Jio’s proposed 1,600-satellite LEO network, Amazon’s LEO project, and Eutelsat OneWeb. Experts believe that the Gen 2 constellation could boost Starlink's capabilities in terms of both coverage and capacity.

An ET report dated January 27 indicated that Starlink might need to re-apply for its Gen 2 constellation. While SpaceX plans to deploy approximately 42,000 satellites in its Gen 2 network, it has currently sought approval from IN-SPACe for about 30,000 satellites. The company may seek approval for additional satellites in the future based on demand. Obtaining IN-SPACe approval is mandatory for companies looking to launch satellite services in India.

**Regulations similar to those for telecom operators should apply**
Currently, no Non-Geostationary Orbit (NGSO) company—including Starlink, Eutelsat OneWeb, or the joint venture between Jio and Luxembourg-based SES—has launched commercial services in India. The primary reasons for this delay are the pending security clearance and spectrum allocation. The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (TRAI) has already submitted its recommendations regarding satellite spectrum pricing, though the government has yet to make a final decision. Meanwhile, TRAI is deliberating on D2D services, with recommendations expected in the coming months.

Indian telecom companies have long viewed D2D services as a potential threat to their business operations. They argue that if the government permits satellite companies to provide direct connectivity to mobile users, then regulations similar to those governing telecom operators should apply to these companies as well. Countries like the US, Canada, and Australia have already implemented regulations regarding the use of satellite communication to enhance mobile coverage.

There are challenges involved as well.
While satellite communication holds immense potential, it also presents certain challenges. The government is particularly cautious regarding matters of national security. Therefore, alongside ensuring that satellite operators comply with all regulations, the government aims to prevent the misuse of space infrastructure and maintain the capability to monitor it when necessary.

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