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What are gallstones?

Gallstones: The gall bladder, also called the gallbladder, is a small sac located beneath the liver. It contains bile juice, which helps in digesting food. Sometimes, this bile juice forms small hard pieces, called gallstones. This problem has become quite common nowadays, especially among overweight individuals, women and people with unhealthy eating habits.

Causes of gallstone formation

Bile juice contains cholesterol and other elements. When their balance deteriorates, the possibility of stone formation increases. In most cases, due to increase in the amount of cholesterol in bile, it accumulates and takes the form of stones. In some liver diseases, increase in bilirubin can also lead to the formation of stones. If the gallbladder does not empty completely, the bile may thicken and form stones. Obesity and unhealthy eating habits also increase this problem.

symptoms of gallstones

Many people do not show any symptoms when they have small stones. But when a stone gets stuck in a pipe, a problem arises. A common symptom is severe pain in the upper right side of the abdomen, which can spread to the back or shoulder. Apart from this, nausea, vomiting, heaviness in the stomach after eating, flatulence and indigestion may also occur. Sometimes fever, chills or yellowing of eyes and skin can also be seen.

gallstone test

If symptoms like fever or jaundice appear along with severe stomach pain, contact a doctor immediately. The doctor usually conducts an abdominal ultrasound, which reveals the position and size of the stone. Other tests can also be done if necessary.

Treatment and prevention measures

Small, asymptomatic stones can sometimes be treated with medications. But larger or problematic stones often require surgery, which involves removing the sac. This procedure is considered safe.

For protection, reduce fried and oily food. Increase your intake of fruits, vegetables and fiber-rich foods. Do regular exercise and keep your weight under control. Drink adequate amount of water. These small habits can significantly reduce the risk of stones. This problem can be avoided by eating right and adopting a healthy lifestyle. If any symptoms appear, take immediate action.