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Internet Shutdown: Internet services were suspended in certain areas of Central Delhi on July 20. India has a poor track record regarding internet shutdowns.

Internet Shutdown: Internet services were suspended in several parts of Central Delhi on July 20 during a 'Parliament March' organized by the 'Cockroach Janata Party' (CJP). Additionally, signal jammers were deployed in various locations, disrupting internet access during the protest. This caused difficulties for protesters regarding activities such as uploading videos and live streaming. Today, we explain the rules and legal provisions governing internet shutdowns.

What is an internet shutdown?

An internet shutdown occurs when internet and electronic communication services are intentionally suspended for a specific location or group of people to control the flow of information. This can range from throttling internet speeds to blocking specific platforms.

When can the government shut down the internet?

Under Section 20(2)(b) of the Telecommunications Act, 2023, telecommunication services can be suspended in the interest of public safety or during a public emergency. Written reasons must be provided for such actions. An internet shutdown cannot be imposed merely on the grounds of a protest; it can only be implemented for specific objectives, such as maintaining law and order in the interest of public safety or during a public emergency. The shutdown order must clearly specify the affected area, the duration, and the reason. Orders for internet shutdowns can be issued by the Union Home Secretary at the national level and by State Home Secretaries at the state level. In emergency situations, an officer of the rank of Joint Secretary may issue such orders, but they must be ratified by the competent authority within 24 hours.

Under which law can the internet be shut down?

Previously, internet shutdown orders in India were issued under Section 5(2) of the Indian Telegraph Act, 1885, and the Temporary Suspension of Telecom Services (Public Emergency or Public Safety) Rules, 2017; however, these have now been superseded by the Telecommunications Act, 2023, and the Telecommunications (Temporary Suspension of Services) Rules, 2024. According to reports, even after the enactment of the new laws, state governments issued orders to suspend the internet under the old provisions on several occasions in 2024. Government orders for internet shutdowns can be challenged in the High Courts and the Supreme Court.

India's record on internet shutdowns is poor

India is among the countries with the highest frequency of internet shutdowns globally. A 2025 report by Access Now indicates that internet shutdowns were imposed 65 times across 12 states and union territories in India. While this figure is lower than that of 2024, it remains highly significant for a democratic nation.