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Health Desk: A very revolutionary news has come out from the world of medicine and science. Scientists have discovered a hidden “sugar code” on the surface of human cells, which could completely change the way diseases are detected and treated in the future. According to this study published in the journal ‘Nature Nanotechnology’, researchers at the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light (MPL) have achieved this success by using an advanced imaging technique called ‘Glycan Atlasing’.

What is the glycocalyx and the ‘sugar code’?
According to researchers, every human cell is covered with a thin layer of sugar, which is called ‘glycocalyx’. This outer coating helps cells interact with their surroundings. The “Physical Glycosciences” research group, led by Professor Leonhard Mockl, has produced a detailed map of this coating using cutting-edge super-resolution microscopy. Investigation revealed that these complex sugar molecules keep changing continuously and change their molecular arrangement (pattern) depending on the internal condition of the cell. It is almost like a display screen, showing on the surface information about what is going on inside the cell.

Cancer and immune response will be accurately identified
The results of this research show that these nanoscale sugar patterns can easily differentiate between different cellular states. Scientists used it to identify different stages of cancer development, distinguish between activated and inactive immune cells, and succeed in separating cancerous areas from healthy areas in human breast tissue. Author of the study Prof. Mockel said this technology is a promising foundation for future diagnostic methods. Now the team is planning to further automate this process so that it can soon be put into regular medical use.

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