E-30 fuel is being prepared in India, E-30 means that the fuel contains 30% ethanol and 70% petrol.
The Government of India has announced to increase ethanol in petrol by 30 percent. The simple objective of this announcement is to reduce the import of crude oil. After E20, a mixture of E30 will be used in the country. E-30 means that the fuel contains 30% ethanol and 70% petrol. E20 fuel is being used in India. Now the government has increased it to 30 percent and issued standards for ethanol mixed petrol.
This decision has been taken at a time when crude oil prices are skyrocketing due to tension between Iran and America and the oil supply crisis has increased worldwide. Ethanol is a biofuel which is prepared with the help of sugarcane.
How is ethanol made from sugarcane?
Sugarcane is cultivated on a large scale in India. States like Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Punjab are tops in sugarcane cultivation. Sugarcane is no longer limited to just sugar. Ethanol is also being made from this in India. By mixing ethanol in petrol, fuel consumption is being reduced and the income of farmers is also being increased.
States like Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka and Punjab are tops in sugarcane cultivation.
Mixing 10% to 20% ethanol in petrol not only reduces emissions but also reduces dependence on foreign crude oil. This is the Ethanol Blending Program of the Central Government. This is the reason why the government is promoting it. Now let us also know how ethanol is made from sugarcane.
1- Sugarcane juice
To make ethanol from sugarcane, sugarcane is first selected. Sugarcane juice is extracted on a large scale through machines. For this, sugarcane is passed through a crusher in the sugar mill. In this process, sugarcane is pressed several times and juice is extracted from it. This juice contains sucrose, glucose and fructose. Its remaining solid part is called 'Bagasse', which is burnt in the boiler to generate electricity.
2- Juice cleaning and fermentation
The juice extracted from machines contains impurities. To remove it, lime water is mixed and heated. Due to this the impurities settle and the juice becomes clear. It is called clarified juice. This process is the main step in making ethanol.The cleaned juice is put into large fermentation tanks. Yeast is added to it. Yeast converts sugar into two parts. Ethanol and carbon dioxide. This process lasts for 24 to 72 hours. The temperature is kept between 28 to 32 degrees Celsius. The liquid prepared after fermentation is called wash. It contains 8 to 12 percent ethanol.
The amount of ethanol in the wash is less. The wash is heated in distillation columns to purify it. It evaporates. Liquid ethanol is obtained by cooling the vapor. The ethanol prepared through this process is approximately 95%.
3- Process of dehydration
95% ethanol still contains 5% water. To mix it with petrol, ethanol has to be purified up to 99 percent. Ethanol molecular sieve is used to reduce water in ethanol up to 99% percent. The ethanol obtained after this step is called 'fuel grade ethanol'. This is 99 percent pure ethanol.
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